Koyama et al. 2012 [12] | 1) Learning how to help terminally ill patients a) Learning through DCs b) Nurse’s thought towards End-of-life care c) Nurse’s anxiety and confusion 2) Self-reflection a) Reflection and future relations b) Skill level raise up 3) Concern with palliative care a) Learning of palliative care b) Patient-centered End-of-life care c) Nursing for End-of-life care d) Worthwhile 4) Team sharing and collaboration a) Sharing b) Cooperation c) Follow-up between staff d) Team solidarity 5) Collaboration with other professions Staff meeting and exchanges of views 6) Future direction of nursing care Continuing DC |
Ishikawa et al. 2010 [14] | 1) An inability to relieve a patient’s pain 2) Involvement with patients who have a gap in perceptions of the condition 3) The act of responding to a patient’s emotional expression and questions about patient’s remaining life 4) Dealing with family members of patients who seem to have difficulty involved 5) Involving ethical issues |
Kobayashi et al. 2010 [8] | 1) Care review 2) Deepening of human understanding 3) Fulfillment of a patient’s wishes 4) Challenges for the future 5) Positive opinion for holding DCs 6) Ephemeral feelings for dying patients |
Tsuchie et al. 2010 [11] | 1) Significance of expectations for DCs a) Sharing of values and specific measures b) Improvement of self-efficacy as a nurse and catharsis c) Sharing peace of mind, healing through conversation 2) A malfunctioning problem a) How to provide patient care b) How to plan (progress) DCs 3) Specific measures a) Planning of DCs b) A way of proceeding with a fixed purpose c) Considering member structure according to a purpose d) Respect, trust, and understand companionship 4) Aim a) Improvement of the practice of nursing in a hospital ward b) Growth of individual nurses |
Hasegawa et al. 2007 [7] | 1) Care review 2) Sharing information and case studies with medical teams 3) DC learning 4) View of life and death 5) Expressing emotions |