Author

Study site

Samples

Study design

Main findings

Bisika et al., (2008)

Thyolo District Hospital

N = 200 men and women who abuse drugs

Descriptive survey

Overall prevalence rate for HIV was 25.5%

81.3% were abusing cannabis (Chamba)

18.3% were abusing and alcohol

25.5% of participants who abused cannabis were HIV-positive

31.1%, of alcohol abusers were HIV positive

Chorwe- Sungani (2013)

Blantyre District

N = 109 nurses

Descriptive quantitative survey adapted Mental Health Problems Perception Questionnaire (MHPPQ)

Nurses lack knowledge and skills for providing mental health care to people with HIV and AIDS

53.2%, lacked knowledge and skills to care for people living with HIV and AIDS who have mental health problems

Chorwe- Sungani & Shangase (2013)

Blantyre District

N = 136 nurses

Descriptive quantitative survey adapted Mental Health Problems Perception Questionnaire (MHPPQ)

Study findings revealed that there is a linear relationship between general nurses’ levels of knowledge and skills and their therapeutic commitment(r = 0.40, n = 136, p = 0.05) to provide mental health care of people living with HIV/AIDS 45.6% of the participants reported that they did not want to work with people with mental health problems who have HIV/AIDS

Chorwe- Sungani, Shangase & Chilinda (2014)

Blantyre District

N = 109 nurses

Descriptive quantitative survey adapted Mental Health Problems Perception Questionnaire (MHPPQ)

Most of the general nurses do not feel confident about caring for people with HIV/AIDS who have mental health problems and the nurses do not always receive the support they need

64.2% of participants reported that they do not feel comfortable when caring for people with mental health problems who have HIV/AIDS

Hsieh (2013)

Rumphi, Mchinji and Balaka Districts

N = 2606 ever-married women aged between 15 and 49years (1541) and their spouses (1065)

Longitudinal study

Mental health and the perceived risk of HIV infection are negatively correlated (r = −0.19, p < 0.05). HIV perception has a significant influence on emotional/affective well-being The perceived risk of infection has a strong negative relationship with mental health outcomes

Jere et al., (2013)

Ntcheu District

18 key leaders

15 young men

Systematic observation of the market place and surrounding establishments

Qualitative ethnographic study

There were three patterns among young men

Alcohol and marijuana were two substances commonly used by young men

Substance use was linked to sex with multiple partners and irregular use of condoms

Jere et al., (2012)

Ntcheu

Focus group data from 10 rural villages

3 focus groups in young men (10 - 19 years)

Focus group discussion: 6 female youths and 11 adults (5 male, 6 female)

Content analysis using constant comparative method guided by ecological perspective

Young men engaged in alcohol use and risky behaviours despite availability of condoms

Young men perceived a direct link between alcohol and unsafe sexual practices

John- Langba et al., (2006)

Malawi

N = 3800 adolescents (12 - 19 year olds)

Survey

Use of alcohol and other substances are associated with risky sexual behaviors and especially with multiple sexual partnerships

and limited use of condoms

68% of sexually active adolescents that have ever drank alcohol in Malawi did not use condoms during their last sexual intercourse with a most recent partner

74% of adolescents that had ever used a mood altering drug in Malawi did not use a condom during their last sexual intercourse