Forceps (n = 50)

Single blade (n = 50)

Manual (n = 50)

p-value

Significance

Maternal age, yr, mean (SD)

27.5 ± 2.84

27.38 ± 3.17

27.38 ± 3.17

0.975

NS

GA, wks, mean (SD)

38.42 ± 0.54

38.44 ± 0.5

38.42 ± 0.54

0.976

NS

BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD)

29.37 ± 1.55

29.08 ± 1.74

29.08 ± 1.74

0.613

NS

Parity n (%)

0.955

NS

P1

24 (48.0%)

24 (48.0%)

24 (48.0%)

P2

18 (36.0%)

18 (36.0%)

18 (36.0%)

P3

8 (16.0%)

8 (16.0%)

8 (16.0%)