Authors

Population

Intervention

Pregnancy state related major findings

Nam et al. [19]

Healthy volunteers (n = 56)

HIP and iron salts available in Korea (5 different preparations*)

Intake of HIPk but not iron salt increased serum iron levels

Significant increase in iron levels at 3 and 5 hours in patients with iron < 80 μg/dL

Young et al. [23]

Pregnant women (3rd trimester) (n = 19)

labelled 58Fe-heme and non-heme 57Fe (ferrous sulphate)

58Fe tracer to neonate

・ Significantly higher than 57Fe

・ inverse relation to maternal Hb and ferritin levels

・ Direct association with neonatal Hb and erythropoietin levels

Young et al. [8]

Pregnant (n = 18) and non-pregnant (n = 11)

animal-based heme meal (58Fe pork) and ferrous sulphate (57Fe) fed on alternate days

Heme-iron utilization was significantly higher compared to ferrous sulphate in

・ pregnant (47.7% ± 14.4% vs. 40.4% ± 13.2%, p = 0.04)

・ non-pregnant women (50.1% ± 14.8% vs. 15.3% ± 9.7%, p < 0.0001)

Suzuki et al. [24]

Pregnant and lactating (n = 24)/ with bleeding disorder (n = 12)

HIP 3 mg, BD or TID based on Hb levels

Gradual increase in Hb over 14-week period

Mean Hb change in pregnant women

・ 2 tab/d: from 9.37 gm/dL at day 0 to 11.76 gm/dL at week 14

・ 3 tab/d: from 8.68 gm/dL at day 0 to 11.72 gm/dL at week 14

Improvement and/or maintenance of Hb and hematocrit

No unexpected adverse events

No drop outs from study

Eskeland et al. [25]

Pregnant (n = 90)

low dose (27 mg of elemental iron daily), ± heme component: 3 groups - heme-iron (HI), non-heme iron (Non-HI) and placebo

Empty iron stores in postpartum phase

・ HI: reduced to 8% from 14% in pregnant state

・ Non-HI: increased to 27% from 3%

・ Placebo: increased to 52% from 21%

Compliance of below 50%

・ HI: 4% women

・ Non-HI: 12% women

・ Placebo: 5% women

Abdelazim et al. [26]

Pregnant (n = 260)

Proferrin®-ES oral (11 mg of HIP) vs. Ferrosac IV (200 mg of iron saccharate complex)

Increase in Hb after 3-month treatment

・ Oral HIP: 8.5 ± 3.5 to 11.3 ± 1.3 gm/dL

・ IV iron: 8.7 ± 2.5 to 11.7 ± 0.9 gm/dL

・ No significant difference in two groups

Increase in ferritin after 3-month treatment

・ Oral HIP: 19.4 ± 4.9 to 118.8 ± 7.1 ug/L

・ IV iron: 15.3 ± 5.6 to 122.3 ± 6.4 ug/L

・ No significant difference in two groups