Overarching purpose | Cognitive skill | Neurocognitive processes | Corresponding neurobehavioral syndrome |
Set Formation (Generating short-term and long-term goals) | Planning and reasoning | Focusing attention Generativity (1a) Memory retrieval Working memory (1b) Sequencing | Dysexecutive/Disorganized (primarily lesions in DLPFC) (I) |
Set Maintenance (Executing short-term and long-term goals) | Organization | Sequencing Working memory | |
Follow-through | Initiation (2a) Response selection/conflict resolution (2b) Selective attention Self monitoring Attentional vigilance (2c) | Apathetic (primarily lesions in SMPFC) (II) | |
Social appropriateness, judgment | Inhibition (2d) Discrepancy detection | Disinhibited or Psychopathic (primarily lesions in VMPFC and OFPFC) (III) | |
Set Shifting (Altering short-term and long-term goals in response to changes in situations and contexts) | Problem-solving | Discrepancy detection Cognitive flexibility (3) Attentional shifting Generativity Memory retrieval Working memory | Dysexecutive/Perseverative (primarily lesions in DLPFC) (IV) |