Control

Trained

Baseline

After 5 mo.

Baseline

After 5 mo.

Number of subjects and gender

13F + 8M

23F + 15M

Schooling¹

11.1 ± 2.7

12.0 ± 3.0

Age¹

33.7 ± 14.4

36.7 ± 12.6

Subjects showing BG decrease²

3/21 (14.3%)

24/38 (63.2%)^***,a

BG group mean pre-meal³

85.7 ± 9.0

89.3 ± 8.2^*,b

86.8 ± 8.7

78.8 ± 6.8^***,a***,b

Subjects < 81.8 mg/dL⁴

8 (38.1%)

5 (33.8%)

12 (31.6%)

29 (76.3%)^***,a***,b

Vegetable intake⁵

246 ± 188

427 ± 263^**,b

274 ± 166

449 ± 218^***,b

Fruit intake⁵

193 ± 155

173 ± 160

221 ± 122

266 ± 174

Energy intake⁶

1728 ± 551

1310 ± 532^**,b

1756 ± 585

1069 ± 487^***,b

Diary BG SD⁷

8.9 ± 4.2

8.9 ± 3.8

9.6 ± 4.8

6.4 ± 3.6^**,a***,b

BMI⁸

29.1 ± 5.6

28.2 ± 5.6^*,b

28.7 ± 3.5

26.5 ± 3.5^**,a***,b

Weight⁹

76.1 ± 16.6

73.8 ± 16.2^*,b

78.0 ± 10.2

72.2 ± 10.1^*,b

Arm skinfold thickness¹⁰

25.4 ± 10.0

21.0 ± 7.6^**,b

25.8 ± 9.2

19.9 ± 7.7^***,b

Leg skinfold thickness¹⁰

34.5 ± 13.0

29.7 ± 10.7^**,b

32.1 ± 12.6

25.1 ± 10.2^***,b