Age (mean ± SD)

Ten-year age groups (%)

30 - 39

40 - 49

50 - 59

60 - 69

70 - 79

80 - 84

Household structure (%)

Living alone

Living with others

Spouse (without children)

Two generations and more

Others

Marital status

Single

Married/cohabitant

Separated

Divorced

Widowed

Educational

Elementary school

Middle school

High school

College, university, graduate school

Others

Job Status (%)

Self-employed

White collar

Blue collar

Engineer

Sales/service

Housewife/husband

Unemployed

Others

Self-perceived household economic status (%)

Good to excellent

Poor to not so good

Objective health status (%)

None

Having disease under treatment

Subjective health status (self-rated health) (%)

Good to excellent

Poor to not so good

Mental health (K6 score) (%)

Normal (K6 score < 9)

Depressive mood (K6 score ≥ 9)

Self-efficacy (%)

High (26 - 40)

Low (10 - 25)

59.8 ± 13.3

8.9

13.8

24.0

26.7

21.1

5.6

4.8

29.4

61.9

3.8

11.1

81.5

1.0

3.4

3.0

3.7

27.6

50.6

17.1

1.1

29.1

12.4

15.3

4.1

3.7

0.0

21.6

13.7

35.8

64.2

48.2

51.8

82.1

17.9

93.5

6.5

57.6

42.4

61.0 ± 13.5

8.5

12.8

21.0

26.1

24.9

6.7

23.2

23.2

61.2

4.3

4.5

69.2

1.9

4.0

20.3

4.9

32.4

44.0

17.4

1.3

18.9

6.7

3.6

4.6

3.2

19.0

18.0

26.2

38.8

61.2

39.8

60.2

77.2

22.8

88.7

11.3

47.0

53.0

0.062

0.235

<0.001

<0.001

0.027

<0.001

0.093

<0.001

0.003

<0.001

<0.001