| Baseline | 4 W | 8 W | |||
TSE | Placebo | TSE | Placebo | TSE | Placebo | |
R7 (Skin firmness) | 0.656 ± 0.093 | 0.663 ± 0.098 | 0.641 ± 0.082 (−0.016 ± 0.107) | 0.626 ± 0.094 (−0.037 ± 0.073) | 0.622 ± 0.154 (−0.034 ± 0.095) | 0.596 ± 0.078 (−0.068 ± 0.079) |
R1 (Return to original skin, mm) | 0.028 ± 0.010 | 0.027 ± 0.009 | 0.020 ± 0.008 (−0.008 ± 0.012) | 0.021 ± 0.006 (−0.006 ± 0.011) | 0.027 ± 0.010 (−0.002 ± 0.013) | 0.029 ± 0.006 (0.002 ± 0.009) |
R2 (Gross elasticity, ratio) | 0.824 ± 0.079 | 0.835 ± 0.056 | 0.837 ± 0.047 (0.013 ± 0.094) | 0.825 ± 0.048 (−0.009 ± 0.062) | 0.826 ± 0.185* (0.001 ± 0.070) | 0.798 ± 0.047 (−0.036 ± 0.056) |
R3 (Last maximal amplitude, mm) | 0.178 ± 0.044 | 0.170 ± 0.034 | 0.123 ± 0.033 (−0.054 ± 0.054) | 0.119 ± 0.023 (−0.050 ± 0.029) | 0.151 ± 0.046 (−0.028 ± 0.052) | 0.147 ± 0.031 (−0.023 ± 0.046) |
R4 (Last minimal amplitude, mm) | 0.028 ± 0.010 | 0.027 ± 0.009 | 0.020 ± 0.008 (−0.008 ± 0.012) | 0.021 ± 0.006 (−0.006 ± 0.011) | 0.027 ± 0.010 (−0.002 ± 0.013) | 0.029 ± 0.006 (0.002 ± 0.009) |
R5 (Net elasticity, ratio) | 0.869 ± 0.106 | 0.877 ± 0.104 | 0.834 ± 0.099 (−0.035 ± 0.116) | 0.818 ± 0.102 (−0.059 ± 0.088) | 0.787 ± 0.191 (−0.079 ± 0.109) | 0.749 ± 0.076 (−0.128 ± 0.070) |
R6 (Viscoelasticity, ratio) | 0.323 ± 0.070 | 0.331 ± 0.088 | 0.308 ± 0.078 (−0.016 ± 0.105) | 0.314 ± 0.073 (−0.017 ± 0.086) | 0.269 ± 0.091 (−0.049 ± 0.057) | 0.265 ± 0.072 (−0.067 ± 0.104) |
R8 (Total recovery, mm) | 0.149 ± 0.040 | 0.143 ± 0.034 | 0.103 ± 0.029 (−0.046 ± 0.048) | 0.098 ± 0.020 (−0.044 ± 0.026) | 0.125 ± 0.039 (−0.026 ± 0.044) | 0.118 ± 0.028 (−0.025 ± 0.042) |
R9 (Skin fatigue, mm) | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 |