No. | pH interval | Gran type functions | |
System I | System II | ||
a | pH > pK2 + D | − |
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b | pK2 − D < pH ≈ pK2 |
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c | pK1 − D £ pH £ pK1 + D |
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d | pH < pK1 − D |
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Sequence of operations | d → c and b | d → c and b, a | |
Relationships | Vd = Veq1 + Veq2 Vc = Veq2/2 Vb = Veq1 | Vd = Veq2 + Veq3 Vc = Vb = Veq2/2 + Veq3 Va = Veq3 |