Facilitating Conditions

Objective factors in the environment that observers agree make an act easy to accomplish. For example returning items purchased online is facilitated when no fee is charged to return the item. In an Information Systems (IS) context “provision of support for users of PCs may be one type of facilitating condition that can influence system utilization”.

The Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT)

Grounded in sociology, IDT has been used since the 1960s to study a variety of innovations, ranging from agricultural tools to organizational innovation Within information systems, Moore and Benbasat adapted the characteristics of innovations presented in Rogers and refined a set of constructs that could be used to study individual technology acceptance. Moore and Benbasat found support for the predictive validity of these innovation characteristics.

Relative Advantage

“The degree to which an innovation is perceived as being better than its precursor” ( Moore & Benbesat, 1991 ).

Ease of Use

“The degree to which an innovation is perceived as being difficult to use”.

Image

“The degree to which use of an innovation is perceived to enhance one’s image or status in one’s social system”.

Visibility

The degree to which one can see others using the system in the organization.

Compatibility

“The degree to which an innovation is perceived as being consistent with the existing values, needs and past experiences of potential adopters”.

Results Demonstrability

“The tangibility of the results of using the innovation, including their observability and communicability”.

Voluntariness of Use

“The degree to which use of the innovation is perceived as being voluntary, or of free will”.

The Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)

One of the most powerful theories of human behaviour is social cognitive theory. Applied and extended SCT to the context of computer utilization. While Compeau and Higgins also employed SCT, it was to study performance. Compeau and Higgins’ model studied computer use but the nature of the model studied computer use but the nature of the model and the underlying theory allow it to be extended to acceptance and use of information technology in general.

Outcome Expectations-Performance

The performance-related consequences of the behaviour. Specifically, performance expectations deal with job related outcomes. ( Venkatesh et al., 2003 ).

Outcome Expectations-Personal

The personal consequences of the behaviour. Specifically, personal expectations deal with the individual esteem and sense of accomplishment ( Venkatesh et al., 2003 ).

Self-Efficacy

Judgement of one’s ability to use a technology (e.g. Computer) to accomplish a particular job or task.

Affect

An individual’s liking for a particular behaviours (e.g. Computer use).

Anxiety

Evoking anxious or emotional reactions when it comes to performing a behaviour (e.g. Using a computer).