Experience of exercise

During exercise

Affective

Negative

Hard, tired, unpleasant, pressure, wish to finish soon, negative thoughts

Positive

Happy

Biological

Negative

Heavy legs

After exercise

Affective

Negative

Tired, exhausted, stressed, difficult, tension, weak (immediately after)

Positive

Relaxed, satisfied, optimistic, better mood, positive, calm, more energy, more alive mentally and physically, more vivid, think better, active (after 15 mins)

Biological

Negative

Heavy and tired legs, hard even to walk, high heart rate, sweaty, painful

Cognitive

Is it because we forget or a relief from a false alert?

Urge to smoke

During exercise

Affective

Higher urge

Stress, anxiety, need to relax from the tension (high intensity), pressure (high intensity)

Cognitive

Low urge

Not thinking of smoking at all

Higher urge

As an escape from exercise pressure

After exercise

Affective

Low urge

Need to relax and calm down first, tired, exhausted, feelings of wellness, relaxed

Biological

Low urge

Sweaty, out of breath, “open” lungs, breathing difficulties, need to rest first

Cognitive

Low urge

No thoughts of smoking, clears your mind, not to waste the effort and satisfaction from accomplishment to finish the exercise

Exercise preference

Preferred intensity

Vigor

Affective

Better when I feel tense, difficult at first but then much better, more self-satisfaction, more enjoyable, gives more energy

Moderate

Affective

More pleasant, easier, less tired

Cognitive

As beneficial as vigor

Preferred type of exercise and intensity in everyday life

Unsupervised

Outdoors

Walking, jogging, gardening

Supervised

Indoors

Gym

Gradual increase

Gradual increase in both intensity and duration

Exercise and smoking relationship

Effects of exercise on

smoking behavior

Does not affect

Unrelated behaviors, compatible behaviors (if light physical activity or light smoker), no effect on managing desire to smoke

Does affect

Positive effect on general sense of self-control, increase in self-efficacy over behavioral control

Effects of smoking on

exercise behavior

Breathing problems, discomfort, low endurance, negative thoughts, difficult