| (4) | (5) | |
| 1990- | 1997- | |
| GDP | 0.955*** | 0.887*** |
| (0.010) | (0.021) | |
| POP65 | 0.024 | 0.192** |
| (0.068) | (0.085) | |
| FLABOUR | 0.046 | ‒0.042 |
| (0.085) | (0.135) | |
| POPD | 0.151 | 0.651** |
| (0.197) | (0.242) | |
| PUBE | 0.330*** | 0.039 |
| (0.070) | (0.085) | |
| UNEMPLOY | 0.049*** | ‒0.005 |
| (0.011) | (0.016) | |
| TIME | 0.334*** | 0.515*** |
| (0.041) | (0.062) | |
| R2 | 0.641 | 0.068 |
| Observations | 393 | 221 |