| Boarding and alighting of passengers are among the factors that would increase the concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 inside the passenger compartment [131] | Malaysia, 2015 |
| A 20% system-wide increase in ridership leads a 1.1% increase in total emissions and a 13% decrease in per capita emissions [124] | Ukraine, 2020 |
| Roadway type affect the in-vehicle CO exposure of bus passengers [132] | Lebanon, 2009 |
| The total fuel consumption and emissions of a feeder bus during peak hours have an increasing trend compared with the values during off-peak hours [130] | China, 2017 |
| Mixed-mode traffic flow is one of the emission factors of a vehicle [125] | Euro, 2014 |
| Pavement type, pavement thickness, void ratio, maximum nominal particle size, aging, and abrasion of road have influence on noise from tire/pavement interaction [8] | China, 2021 |
| Exhaust emission and fuel consumption factors depend on road category, gradient, load factor, and traffic flow conditions [133] | Germany, 1995 |
| The engine and wheels are major sources of noise inside buses [83] | Iran, 2014 |
| In heterogeneous traffic conditions, horn events increase the noise level by 0.5 - 13 dB as compared to homogenous traffic conditions [134] | India, 2016
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| Active and public-transport commuters are often at risk of higher air pollution and noise exposure than private car users [135] | Finland, 2017 |
| Regarding bus micro-environmental indicators, optimal exposure level to noise is in 0 - 65 dB range. In-bus noise has negative overall correlation with passengers’ momentary mood [94] | China, 2020 |
| Planning and management |
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| The location and number of bus stops are key to the operational efficiency of commercial speed [136] | Chile, 2013 |
| Drivers were found to reduce the speed before the camera and immediately started to increase the speed after the camera [137] | UK and Poland, 2018 |
| Police surveillance and enforcement activities can have a significant effect on the compliance of traffic rules and regulation [138] | Netherlands, 1982 |
| Manned enforcement provides specific deterrence targeted at high-risk drivers; automated enforcement provides a deterrence effect on a broad spectrum of the driving population [139] | Canada, 2009 |
| A good discovery method of DB parameters, which aims to provide real-time operation recommendations for the bus stop accessing procedure [140] | China, 2018 |
| Index application provides information and fair and equitable mobility conditions for passengers regarding sustainable mobility policies [118] | Brazil, 2012 |
| A real-time information system displaying information about departure times, alternative routes, news is necessary to achieve an environmentally friendly bus [78] | Italy, 2016 |
| Bus priority schemes and techniques on urban roads and highways have proven effective for increasing reliability, efficiency, and faster travel times [141] | Israel, 2016 |
| Segregated lanes enhance speed. When buses have more stops, the average speed is low [118] | Brazil, 2012 |
| The increase of interaction between buses and passengers and bus-stop layout and operation contribute to congestion [142] | UK, 1989 |
| Bus drivers sometimes fail to stop the bus at the bus stop; instead, they take passengers further from the bus stop and realize unplanned stopping of buses [143] | Sri Lanka, 2006 |