| The effect of satisfaction of passengers on their evasion behavior impacts bus revenues [111] | Colombia, 2021 |
| Simply decorating buses with famous animation characters can increase ridership [112] | Korea, 2020 |
| People who use a bus with good air quality are willing to pay more [113] | China, 2017 |
| Bus speeds could change with time (peak/off-peak hour) in urban transportation network [114] | Qatar, 2016 |
| Bus operations are often hindered by traffic signals and car queues. Transit signal priority (TSP) strategies play a significant role in bus operation at intersections. The benefits of implementing TSP alone can be larger than a dedicated bus lane [115] | China, 2020 |
| In Beirut, BRT (bus lane without other vehicles) reduces road congestion by 9%, improves traffic speed by 24%, and reduces the road congestion externality by 18% [116] | USA, 2021 |
| Bus delays at stops evidently increase when the arrival rate is more than 85 buses/hour [117] | China, 2015 |
| The operational speeds of buses are limited by the number of bus stops and interferences along the way, such as at level crossings [118] | Brazil, 2012 |
| Speeds could change with location and travel direction in urban transportation networks [114] | Qatar, 2016 |
| Bus delays can often be shortened by placing the bus stop downstream of its neighboring signalized intersection, rather than upstream of it [119] | China, 2014 |
| Buses that travel in mixed traffic have not only a larger mean travel time but also a larger variability than buses that travel in bus lanes and segregated busways [120] | Chile, 2016 |
| Dramatic improvements can be made to the performance of a bus system as a result of a better understanding of its operation, which leads to simple changes in design of infrastructure [121] | UK, 2005 |
| Excessively overcrowded buses may drive away anxious travelers and make them reluctant to take buses [122] | China, 2016 |
| Emission and Noise |
|
| Most of the traffic simulation models developed for intersections lack modelling interaction between DB and emission behavior [40] | India, 2020 |
| The use of the combined mixing and displacement ventilation and also the combined mixing and underfloor ventilation types are capable of reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide and particulate matter inside the bus passenger compartment [123] | Malaysia, 2015 |
| Year of manufacture and location of the engine are two factors that highly contribute to the level of noise [81] | Brazil, 2008 |
| A hazard assessment was carried out for three brands of passenger buses common in Ukraine, in which the driver is exposed to the dangers of heat, vibration, noise, harmful impurities in the bus cabin, and emotional load [124] | Ukraine, 2020 |
| The minimum values of CO and NOx can be reached when speed is approximately 50 - 60 km/h. Number of stop & go movements & acceleration phase can play an important role [97] | Italy, 2013 |
| Driving speed is one of emission factors of a vehicle [125] | Euro, 2014 |
| Noise/air pollution can be reduced by limiting speed and adequate road paving [126] | France, 2016 |
| Buses cause noise during their acceleration [127] | Sweden, 2019 |
| The average weekly noise exposure of front-engine bus drivers was greater than that of rear-engine bus drivers; the weighted average of vibration acceleration was 0.85/m (2); Age, diabetes, and the level of noise emission were risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss [128] | Brazil, 2005 |
| Vehicle emissions are correlated with engine load demand, which is a function of factors such as vehicle load, speed, and acceleration [129] | USA, 2013 |
| Passenger load increases fuel consumption and emissions [130] | China, 2017 |