Authors | Study area | Causality type | Causality direction |
Brida, Daniel, Sandra, 2016 | Italy | Uni-directional | Air transport GDP |
Hakim & Merkert, 2016 | South Asia | Uni-directional | GDP air passenger traffic and air freight volumes |
Alexander, Saheed, S. & Iluno, 2015 | Nigeria | Uni-directional | Air transport economic growth |
Baker, Douglas, Merkert, Rico, Kamruzzaman, Md, 2015 | Australia | Bi-directional | Regional economic growth regional air transport |
Brida, Lanzilotta, Brindis, & Rodríguez, 2014 | Mexico | Bi-directional | Air transport Economic growth |
Chi & Baek, 2013 | United States | Bi-directional | Air transport economic growth |
Mukkala & Tervo, 2013 | EU | Uni-directional | Airline traffic & economic growth |
Dharmawan’s, 2012 | Indonesia | Bi-directional | Airline traffic frequency & economic growth |
Florida et al., 2012 | United States | Bi-directional | Airport effects & Economic Development |
Doganis, 2010 | Brazil | Bi-directional | Air traffic & Economic growth |
Pacheco, 2010 | Brazil | Bi-directional | Economic growth & National airline passenger transport |
Marazzo, Fernandes & Scherre, 2009 | Brazil | Uni-directional | Economic growth National Airline |
Chang, & Chang, 2009 | Taiwan | Bi-directional | Air cargo Economic growth |
Yao and Yang, 2008 | China | Bi-directional | Airport Development & Economic growth |
Green, 2007 | Taiwan | Bi-directional | Air transportation & economic growth |
Brueckner, 2003 | United States | Bi-directional | Air traffic & Employment |
Bowen, 2000 | Italy | Bi-directional | Freedom to airline sector & airport development |