Basic psychological need

Description

Need-based experience

Need-based support

Autonomy

· Leaders’ capacity to make informed and uncoerced decisions.

· Experience of volition and willingness.

· Satisfaction: a sense of integrity as when one’s actions, thoughts, and feelings are self-endorsed and authentic.

· Frustration: a sense of pressure and often conflict, such as feeling pushed in an unwanted direction.

· Supports feelings of personal satisfaction and well-being.

· Increase capacity to achieve one’s own goals within a workplace context.

· Providing employees, the freedom of agency to make meaningful decisions.

· By creating a workplace environment that allows them to freely engage in activities that they enjoy.

· Managerial support and ensuring employees have control over their work.

Competence

· Individual’s skills and capabilities to achieve their own objectives, as well as those of their organization.

· Experience of effectiveness and mastery.

· Satisfaction: capably engages in activities and experiences opportunities for using and extending skills and expertise.

· Frustration: a sense of ineffectiveness or even failure and helplessness.

· Encourage personal goal setting that does not conflict with work-life balance, helping their employees to find a good fit between the two.

· Maximized through providing positive feedback and praise.

Relatedness

· The social nature of human beings, and their connectedness with others.

· Experience of warmth, bonding, and care.

· Satisfaction: connecting to and feeling significant to others.

· Frustration: a sense of social alienation, exclusion, and loneliness.

· Supportive workplace setting, feelings of closeness with others and social engagement are valued.

· Forming teams that enable employees to share in innovative projects.

· Communicating about personally relevant matters.

· Participating in shared activities.

· Having a group of friends to share informal social time.

· Feeling understood and appreciated.

· Participating in pleasant activities.

· Avoiding arguments and conflicts.

· Avoiding self-conscious or insecure feelings.

· Should be given the autonomy to establish and nurture relationships with whomever they choose, and to interact freely with any relevant professional networks.

· Create a workplace environment where employees feel connected to co-workers, customers, and the organization as a whole.