IV

Placebo test

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Violent Crime

Property Crime

Burglary

Lag Violent

Lag Property

Lag Burglary

Law-pop Ratio

2447.6

13684.6

4553.0

−622.6

−46177.5

−234.8

(2931.0)

(18707.2)

(3354.8)

(6188.1)

(40693.0)

(6386.1)

Control vars.*

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N

618

618

618

412

412

618

R2

0.02

0.01

0.0005

0.02

0.03

0.03