Schools, principles, and advisors

Welfare

Health services

Extended family or neighbors

Mediators of Ethiopean descent

Youth information centers

Activists and community leaders

Visiting the neighborhoods

A friend brings a friend

Referral sources and outreach

Studies

Health

Emotion

Society

Behavior

Family

Diagnostic

* Difficulty in studying and preparing homework.

* Learning disabilities.

* Hidden dropout

* Latent dropout. *Difficulties fitting in

* Medical Problems

* Unplanned pregnancy

* Mental health problems

* Self Esteem

* Body image

* Identity formation

* Post Trauma

* Depression

* Skin color and body image

*Harassment or sexual assault

* Loneliness

* Feeling of discrimination and racism

* Rejection by the community

* Relationships with members of the opposite sex

*Unprotected sex

* Acting-out

* Wandering and running away from home

* Connecting with marginalized groups

* Drug and alcohol use

* Criminality

*Communication difficulties and conflicts with parents

* Reversal of roles in the family

* Violence

*Parents’ rejection

* Death of a parent

*Economic difficulty

Individual

Group

Family

Practical support

Integration into a framework

Educational reinforcement

Referral for treatment

Follow up

Intervention

Summer activities

Youth theater

Movies

extracurricular activities

Trips

Enrichment