Independent decision
Cooperative decision
S
λ a η
Q
Q 0 − a ( C r + C d + C m ) 16 + λ 2 32 a η
Q 0 − a ( C m + C d + C r + C 0 ) 2 + λ 2 4 a η
Pr
15 Q 0 + a ( C m + C d + C r ) 16 a + 31 λ 2 32 a 2 η
Q 0 + a ( C m + C d + C r + C 0 ) 2 a + 3 λ 2 4 a 2 η
π t
15 [ Q 0 − a ( C r + C d + C m ) + λ 2 2 a η ] 2 256 a
[ Q 0 − a ( C r + C d + C m ) + λ 2 2 a η − a C 0 ] 2 4 a