No.

Source

Focused on Question

Literature Search

Corruption Middle Class/Ethics Argument

Conclusion

Total Score

Summary of Position

1

Agbodeka, F. (1992)

1

1

1

1

4

Corruption in SSA has had negative effect on economy

2

Agbodohu & Quarmye (2004)

1

1

1

1

4

Ditto

3

Ewusi, K. (1987)

1/2

1/2

1

1

3

Corruption affects economic malaise

4

Fosu, L. Y. (1989)

1/2

1

1/2

1/2

2 1/2

Ditto

5

Visagie, J. (2011)

1/2

1

1/2

1/2

2 1/2

Marginal growth in size and income levels of the middle class results in marginal economic development.

6

Kharas, H., & Gertz, G. (2010). The new global middle class: a cross-over from West to East. Wolfensohn Center for Development at Brookings, 1-14.

1/2

1/2

1

1/2

2 1/2

Growth in the middle class translates into increased expenditure, incomes, and economic advancement.

7

Visagie, J., & Posel, D. (2013). A reconsideration of what and who is middle class in South Africa. Development Southern Africa, 30(2), 149-167. http://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2013.797224

1

1

1

1/2

3 1/2

The middle class serves as a proxy measure for changes in income inequality and economic development.

8

Visagie, J., & others (2013). Race, gender and growth of the affluent middle class in post-apartheid south Africa. In at Biennial Conference of the Economic Society of South Africa, University of the Free state, Bloemfontein. Retrieved from http://www.econrsa.org/system/files/publications/working_papers/working_paper_395.pdf

1

1

1

1/2

3 1/2

Overall growth of the middle class results in an improvement in economic fortunes of the populace.

9

Easterly, W. (2001). The middle class consensus and economic development. Journal of Economic Growth, 6(4), 317-335.

1

1/2

1

1

3 1/2

A higher share of income for a middle class that is less ethnically divided translates into growth and development.

10

Cochran, J.K., Chamlin, M.B., Beeghley, L., & Fenwick, M. (2004). Religion, religiosity, and nonmarital sexual conduct: an application of reference group theory. Sociological Inquiry, 74(1), 70-101.

1/2

1

1/2

1/2

2 1/2

Exposure to religious teaching and ethics reduces desire to engage undesirable conduct such as corruption.

11

Banerjee, A. V., & Duflo, E. (2008). What is middle class about the middle classes around the world? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 22(2), 3-28. http://doi.org/10.1257/jep.22.2.3

1

1

1

1

4

Countries that have a larger middle class grow faster.

12

Aryeetey, E., & Kanbur, S. M. R. (2007). The economy of Ghana: analytical perspectives on stability, growth & poverty. Oxford: James Currey.

1/2

1

1/2

1

3

Corruption by civil servants, customs officials and policemen

enormously increases the transaction cost for all economic endeavors in Ghana.