Study

Study design

Sex (n)

Age (years)^a

Body mass (kg)^a

Height (cm)^a

BMI (kg/m²)^a

Health status

Aragão-Santos et al. (2020)

Randomized controlled trial

EBFT: 13F

TSBFT: 15F

CON: 11F

EBFT: 65.2 (4.3)

TSBFT: 66.0 (5.2)

CON: 66.1 (4.1)

EBFT: 67.4 (12.9)

TSBFT: 69.8 (13.5)

CON: 70.4 (9.5)

EBFT: 153.9 (6.2)

TSBFT: 151.7 (4.8)

CON: 154.3 (3.3)

EBFT: 28.47 (5.22)

TSBFT: 30.31 (5.65)

CON: 29.54 (3.62)

Postmenopausal women

Bårdstu et al. (2020)

Cluster randomized controlled trial

RT: 42F/22M CON: 22F/21M

RT: 86.5 [80 - 90]

CON: 86.0 [80 - 90] (median & IQR)

RT: 66.5 [55.5 - 79.5]

CON: 70.4 [62.4 - 80.2] (median & IQR)

RT: 160 (9) CON: 164 (9)

RT: 25.1 [23.6 - 28.1]

CON: 27.0 [23.7 - 30.3] (median & IQR)

Community-dwelling older adults receiving home care

Bezerra et al. (2018)

Randomized trial

MJ: 7F/4M

MJ+SJ: 5F/6M

CON: 4F/4M

MJ: 63.2 (5.7)

MJ + SJ: 64.6 (4.8)

CON: 65.0 (6.0)

MJ: 76.7 (13.9)

MJ + SJ: 76.1 (18.0)

CON: 68.4 (12.4)

MJ: 1.69 (0.86) m

MJ+SJ: 1.66 (0.11) m

CON: 1.65 (0.71) m

Not reported

Untrained healthy aging adults

Bunout et al. (2004)

Randomized trial

SE: 21F/10M

SN: 16F/12M

NE: 12F/4M

NN: 17F/16M

SE: 74.0 (3.6)

SN: 74.7 (3.8)

NE: 74.4 (3.27)

NN: 73.7 (3.6)

SE: 66.2 ± 11.9

SN: 61.9 ± 11.2

NE: 62.2 ± 10.11

NN: 68.7 ± 12

SE: 155.7 ± 9.1

SN: 153.8 ± 9.1

NE: 151.5 ± 8.76

NN: 154.1 ± 10.3

27.4 (4.6)

Reported total sample value

Healthy, non-institutionalized older adults

Bunout et al. (2005)

Randomized trial

RT: 94F/17M

CON: 92F/38M

RT-F: 75.1 (4.5)

RT-M: 74.6 (5.8)

CON-F: 74.8 (4.6)

CON-M: 75.2 (4.4)

RT-F: 60.4 (10.0)

RT-M: 71.2 (11.8)

CON-F: 59.3 (9.7)

CON-M: 68.3 (10.4)

RT-F: 147.5 (6.2)

RT-M: 165.2 (5.6)

CON-F: 146.8 (6.1)

CON-M: 162.3 (6.6)

Not reported

Healthy Chilean older adults

Campa et al. (2021)

Randomized controlled trial

36M

67.4 (5.1)

76.6 (10.7)

1.68 (0.72) m

27.1 (3.3)

Sedentary older men

Campa et al. (2018)

Randomized trial

RT: 15F

CON: 15F

RT: 66.5 (4.3)

CON: 65.6 (5.2)

RT: 72.7 (12.1)

CON: 77.1 (7.1)

RT: 158.7 (4.7)

CON: 155.3 (10.2)

RT: 28.8 (4.6)

CON: 32.4 (5.6)

Healthy older women

Chupel et al. (2017)

Randomized trial

RT: 16F

CON: 17F

RT: 83.50 (5.13)

CON: 82.12 (6.41)

RT: 66.26 (16.35)

CON: 67.45 (14.57)

RT: 150.4 (0.08)

CON: 150.8 (0.06)

RT: 29.27 (7.10)

CON: 29.67 (5.98)

Older women with mild cognitive impairment

de Vreede et al. (2005)

Randomized controlled trial

RT: 34F

FT: 33F

CON: 31F

RT: 74.8 (4.0) FT: 74.7 (3.5) CON: 73.0 (3.2)

RT: 70.7 (12.1) FT: 69.4 (9.0) CON: 71.3 (11.4)

RT: 1.62 (0.08) m FT: 1.63 (0.06) m CON: 1.62 (0.06) m

Not reported

Community-dwelling healthy older women

Gylling et al. (2020)

Randomized trial

HRT: 143FM

MRT: 144FM

CON: 132FM

62 - 70

Reported total sample value

75.5 (14.3)^c

Reported total sample value

Not reported

25.8 (4.1)^c

Reported total sample value

Independently healthy and chronically diseased men and women

Pereira et al. (2012)

Non-randomized trial

RT: 28F

CON: 28F

RT: 62.5 (5.4)

CON: 62.2 (4.3)

RT: 68.2 (11.2)

CON: 66.2 (10.9)

RT: 1.55 (0.06)

CON: 1.57 (0.06)

RT: 28.2 (4.0)

CON: 27.0 (3.2)

Older women without experience in resistance training

Rhodes et al. (2000)

Randomized trial

RT: 22F

CON: 22F

RT: 68.8 (3.2)

CON: 68.2 (3.5)

RT: 68.4 (12.0)

CON: 61.7 (12.9)

RT: 160.9 (5.5)

CON: 159.3 (4.5)

Not reported

Healthy sedentary older women

Richardson et al. (2019)

Randomized controlled trial

HVLL1: 5F/5M

HVLL2: 5F/5M

LVHL1: 5F/5M

LVHL2: 5F/5M

CON: 5F/5M

HVLL1: 66 (5)

HVLL2: 67 (6)

LVHL1: 67 (4)

LVHL2: 66 (6)

CON: 65 (5)

HVLL1: 80.0 (16.9)

HVLL2: 83.2 (13.5)

LVHL1: 76.3 (11.8)

LVHL2: 73.0 (13.4)

CON: 71.4 (12.7)

HVLL1: 168.7 (7.4)

HVLL2: 173.3 (9.7)

LVHL1: 167.2 (11.1)

LVHL2: 166.8 (8.9)

CON: 170.4 (9.5)

HVLL1: 28 (5)

HVLL2: 28 (5)

LVHL1: 28 (5)

LVHL2: 26 (4)

CON: 24 (3)

Moderately-highly active, but resistance exercise naïve older adults

Rogers et al. (2002)

Non-randomized trial

RT: 16F

CON: 6F

RT: 74.8 (8.8)

CON: 74.7 (4.5)

Not reported

Not reported

RT: 24.4 (1.9)

CON: 24.1 (2.3)

Older African American women

Skelton et al. (1995)

Randomized trial

RT: 20F

CON: 20F

RT: median 79.5 (range: 76 - 93)

CON: median 79.5 (range: 75 - 90)

RT: 54.1 (9.1)

CON: 61.5 (11.4)

RT: 1.54 (0.07) m

CON: 1.57 (0.07) m

Not reported

Healthy older women

Thomas et al. (2008)

Randomized trial

RT: 9F^b

CON: 11F^b

F: 24.6 (2.6)

M: 25.9 (3.0)

F: 60.6 (7.5)

M: 77.4 (10.1)

F: 168.2 (4.3)

M: 180.9 (5.5)

Not reported

Young healthy adults

Tieland et al. (2015)

Non-randomized trial

RT: 41F/21M

CON: 36F/29M

RT: 78.4 (8.1)^c

CON: 79.5 (7.9)^c

RT: 78.5 (14.2)^c

CON: 74.0 (12.9)^c

RT: 1.66 (0.08) m^c CON: 1.66 (0.08) m^c

Not reported

Prefrail and frail older adults

Tsuzuku et al. (2018)

Randomized controlled trial

RT: 17F/25M

CON: 18F/26M

RT: 72.5 (2.1)

CON: 73.2 (2.1)

RT: 57.2 (9.9)

CON: 55.7 (9.6)

Not reported

RT: 23.2 (2.6)

CON: 22.4 (2.4)

Older adults without experience in resistance training

Vezzoli et al. (2019)

Randomized trial

RT: 10F/10M

CON: 9F/6M

RT: 73.0 (5.5) CON: 71.7 (3.4)

RT: 76.3 (16)

CON: 69.8 (15.0)

RT: 1.65 (0.1) m

CON: 1.62 (0.1) m

RT: 27.7 (4.4) CON: 26.6 (3.5)

Sarcopenic and recreationally active older adults

Wanderley et al. (2015)

Randomized controlled trial

AT: 18F/6M

RT: 7F/12M CON: 24F/7M

AT: 70.0 (5.7)

RT: 67.3 (4.9) CON: 67.8 (5.5)

AT: 65.6 (3.0)

RT: 71.7 (3.5)

CON: 71.6 (2.6)

Not reported

AT: 27.5 (0.9)

RT: 28.9 (1.0) CON: 28.5 (0.8)

Community-dwelling and independent older adults