Low back pain (n = 33)

Before

After

p value

Pain, VAS (0 - 10)

6.1 ± 1.5

4.3 ± 2.7

0.0008

Physical condition, VAS (0 - 10)

5.8 ± 1.6

3.8 ± 2.6

0.0012

Joint stiffness, VAS (0 - 10)

4.9 ± 2.5

3.9 ± 2.9

0.164

Evaluation of the benefit (−1 to +3)

1.24 ± 1.20

Effect on the quality of life (−1 to +3)

1.13 ± 1.15