Author (Year) | Study design | Sample size | Setting and Population | Classification of fractures | Type of nail used | Summary of results |
Maharjan et al. (2021) | Randomized trial | 60 participants | Adults with fracture of leg presenting within one year to a university based tertiary hospital in Nepal. | Closed and Gustilo grade I | Both solid and hollow | -One case of deep infection was recorded. -Longer duration of surgery in hollow nail group -SIGN nailing had a higher RUST score compared to hollow nailing. |
Khan et al. (2013) | Case series | 50 participants | Patients who reported in 2 weeks at the Department of Orthopaedic and Spine Surgery, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore. | Closed and Gustilo grade I and II | Solid | -58% of the patients achieved full weight-bearing independently within 3 months. - Mean duration of union was 163 ± 30.6 days (23.3 weeks) - Two (2) cases of interlocking screws breakage. |
Shah et al. (2003) | Not stated | 32 participants | Open fractures of the tibia treated at a hospital in Nepal between March 2000 and April 2002. | Gustilo grade I, II, IIIa and IIIb | Solid | - Two (2) cases of superficial infections in grade II and one (1) deep infection in grade IIIb - A total of 31 fractures. (86.1%) successfully achieved union within 6 months. - Three (3) cases of malunion. |
Nambiar et al. (2018) | Prospective study | 35 participants | Patients with tibial diaphyseal fractures treated with intramedullary interlocking nail at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, India. | Closed and Gustilo grade I and II | Hollow | -Average duration of surgery was 82 minutes, ranging from 70 - 92 minutes. - Two (2) cases of superficial infection. - The highest proportion, that is 31.43% (n = 11), displayed indications of radiological union within a timeframe ranging from 18 weeks to 19 weeks (with an average of 18.2 weeks). |
Acharya et al. (2019) | Retrospective observational study | 104 participants | Patients with tibial diaphyseal fractures treated with SIGN nail at Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Patan Hospital (PH), Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), Lalitpur, Nepal. | Closed and Gustilo grade I, II and IIIa | Solid | - Six (6) cases (5.8%) of delayed union and zero non-union. - Three patients (2.9%) who had Gustilo Anderson type IIIA open fractures experienced a superficial wound infection, which needed an extended duration of suitable intravenous antibiotics for recovery. |