Language Forms and Technique | Related Literature |
A: Omission |
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Omission of punctuation marks. Omission unnecessary capitalization. Omission of verbs. Omission of subjects of the sentences. Elliptical sentences (in such headlines the auxiliary verbs, subjects, articles can be omitted). Omission determiners. Omission of articles. Omission of verbs and auxiliaries. Omission of both verbs and subjects. Omission of articles. Omission of finite verbs. Omission relative pronouns. Omission titles. Omission of function words. | |
B: Poetics\Phonetic |
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Versification: rhyme or rhythm, alliteration; Homophones; Metonymy; Use of puns and word play. | |
C: Verbs |
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Finite verb in the headlines. A non-finite structure in the headlines. Verb less phrases for headlines. Verbal phrases—infinitive, participial and gerundial. Active verbs. Passive constructions the verb “to be” is often omitted. Present tense is the most common. Infinitive is often used instead of future tenses. | |
D: Words |
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The use of confusing words and phrases that do not hold any meaning if read in isolation: The use of emotionally colored words and phrases The use of words and phrases rather than long complete sentences The use of short words. The use of specific word order. Exploit some loan words. | |
E: Sentences: |
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Ungrammatical sentences. Questions in the form of statements. Complex sentences. Nominative sentences Interrogative sentences. Full declarative sentences. Direct sentences instead of question headlines. | |
F: Other techniques |
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The frequent use of complex noun phrases in subject positions. Nominalization. Taking advantage of prepositions. Piling up information in extended noun phrases. Deliberately break up set expressions or deform special terms. Neologisms. Ambiguity. Widely known abbreviations should/ may be used. Attributions of those whose statements or comments are presented in articles should be used in headlines. The use of numerals rather than numbers. Punctuation marks: evading or exploiting. The use of complex noun phrases. Make use of noun phrases. The use of initials. Source domain. Juxtaposition. Cataphoric rather than anaphoric structure. | |