|
| Mean of learning English | Mean of learning Japanese | t | df | Sig. (2-tailed) |
| Idea L2 self | 3.64 | 4.40 | 3.967 | 90 | .000** |
| Self-efficacy | 3.45 | 4.43 | 4.580 | 90 | .000** |
| Intrinsic motivation | 3.80 | 4.18 | 2.393 | 90 | .019** |
| Motivated behavior | 3.28 | 3.65 | 1.842 | 90 | .069 |
| Language anxiety | 2.80 | 2.31 | −2.194 | 90 | .031** |
| Self-regulation | 3.30 | 3.66 | 1.893 | 90 | .062 |
| Peer pressure | 4.06 | 3.37 | −3.905 | 90 | .000** |
| Parent encouragement International orientation Instrumentality Learning experience The role of teachers | 4.53 3.41 3.69 2.93 4.53 | 4.49 3.26 3.64 3.15 4.49 | −1.462 −.769 −.236 .914 −.284 | 90 90 90 90 90 | .147 .444 .814 .363 .777 |