Methodological Choice

Options

Valuation methodology

LEV-infinite rotations, NPV-one rotation, AE

Unit

Tree, stand, hectare, village, region, national

Site and species selection

Conifer/broadleaf

Yield models

Dynamic/static, mathematical modelling

Tree spacing/stand density

Varies with species, country & management objectives

Thinning

Yes/No Intensity, type and interval

Timing of harvesting

Rotation of MSY, financial/economic biomass

Market optimisation

Log optimisation

Whole tree price size curve, assortment, end-product prices, wood energy, carbon biomass

Income streams

Subsidies, timber revenues, carbon credits, bioenergy

Timber prices

Historic price series, current assortment prices

Cost streams

Establishment, management, harvesting, contractors, own labour, farm overhead costs

Discount rate

High, low,

Indexation of costs/prices

CPI-general or component specific

Agricultural opportunity cost

Gross margin/ha

Carbon sequestration

Live wood, soil carbon, HWP

Software

Combination of model outputs, custom or generic programmes, Excel, SPSS, Stata