| Personal characteristics | Site urine handlers n = 45 | Urine handling farmers n = 209 | Control farmers n = 181 |
| Age (year) |
|
|
|
| Meanδ (SD) | 37.1 (12.6) | 39.9 (9.0) | 38.6 (11.9) |
| Age groups |
|
|
|
| <21 n (%) | 5 (11.1) | 7 (3.3) | 22 (12.1) |
| 21 - 49 n (%) | 30 (66.6) | 163 (77.9) | 115 (63.5) |
| >49 n (%) | 10 (22.2) | 39 (18.6) | 44 (24.3) |
| Sex |
|
|
|
| Male n (%) | 27 (60) | 193 (92.3) | 127 (70.1) |
| Female n (%) | 18 (40) | 16 (7.6) | 54 (29.8) |
| Educational level |
|
|
|
| High school n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) |
| Secondary school n (%) | 10 (22.2) | 25 (11.9) | 17 (9.4) |
| Primary school n (%) | 20 (44.4) | 73 (34.9) | 29 (16.0) |
| Uneducated n (%) | 15 (33.3) | 110 (52.6) | 135 (74.5) |
| Farming type |
|
|
|
| Horticultural n (%) | / | 206 (98.5) | 173 (95.5) |
| Ornamental n (%) | / | 3 (1.4) | 8 (4.5) |
| Duration of work (year) |
|
|
|
| <1 n (%) | 9 (20) | 6 (2.8) | 6 (3.3) |
| 1 - 3 n (%) | 12 (26.6) | 11 (5.3) | 25 (13.8) |
| >3 n (%) | 24 (53.3) | 192 (91.8) | 150 (82.8) |