| Gestational age at first ANC visit | |||||
| <12 weeks | 12 (60.0%) | 8 (40.0%) | 0.66 (0.25 - 1.75) | ||
| 12 - 18 weeks | 58 (50.0%) | 58 (50.0%) | 1.02 (0.38 - 2.71) | ||
| 19 - 24 weeks | 61 (60.4%) | 40 (39.6%) | 2.13 (0.56 - 8.19) | ||
| 25 - 32 weeks | 16 (76.2%) | 5 (23.8%) | Reference | ||
| Taking IFAS during the current pregnancy | |||||
| Yes | 91 (52.0%) | 84 (48.0%) | Reference | Reference | |
| No | 56 (67.5%) | 27 (32.5%) | 1.92 (1.11 - 3.31) | 2.04 (1.14 - 3.64)* | |
| Frequency of ANC visits in the current pregnancy | |||||
| Once | 49 (64.5%) | 27 (35.5%) | 1.35 (0.70 - 2.60) | ||
| Twice | 29 (58.0%) | 21 (42.0%) | 1.02 (0.50 - 2.12) | ||
| Thrice | 26 (45.6%) | 31 (54.4%) | 0.62 (0.31 - 1.25) | ||
| 4 times and above | 43 (57.3%) | 32 (42.7%) | Reference | ||
| Taking tea, cocoa, or coffee (beverages) | |||||
| Yes | 136 (56.4%) | 105 (43.6%) | 0.71 (0.23 - 1.96) | ||
| No | 11 (64.7%) | 6 (35.3%) | Reference | ||
| Number of meals consumed per day | |||||
| Twice | 41 (65.1%) | 22 (34.9%) | 2.33 (0.61 - 10.30) | ||
| Thrice | 78 (54.5%) | 65 (45.5%) | 1.50 (0.32 - 5.77) | ||
| 4 times | 24 (55.8%) | 19 (44.2%) | 1.358 (0.37 - 6.70) | ||
| 5 times | 4 (44.4%) | 5 (55.6%) | Reference | ||
| Foods avoided during the current pregnancy | |||||
| Yes | 45 (52.3%) | 41 (47.7%) | 0.75 (0.44 - 1.23) | ||
| No | 102 (59.3%) | 70 (40.7%) | Reference | ||
| Craving for non-food substances during the current pregnancy | |||||
| Yes | 32 (62.7%) | 19 (37.3%) | 1.35 (0.71 - 2.53) | ||
| No | 115 (55.6%) | 92 (44.4%) | Reference | ||
| Diarrhoea for the last one month preceding the study | |||||
| Yes | 3 (37.5%) | 5 (62.5%) | 0.44 (0.13 - 1.89) | ||
| No | 144 (57.6%) | 106 (42.4%) | Reference | ||
| Febrile illness for the last one month preceding the study | |||||
| Yes | 18 (78.3%) | 5 (21.7%) | 2.96 (1.06 - 8.23) | 2.30 (0.76 - 6.92) | |
| No | 129 (54.9%) | 106 (45.1%) | Reference | Reference | |
| Treating for worms in the last 6 month preceding the study | |||||
| Yes | 33 (50.0%) | 33 (50.0%) | 0.68 (0.39 - 1.21) | ||
| No | 114 (59.4%) | 78 (40.6%) | Reference | ||
| Treating for malaria in the last 6 month preceding the study | |||||
| Yes | 14 (56.0%) | 11 (44.0%) | 0.96 (0.42 - 2.20) | ||
| No | 133 (57.1%) | 100 (42.9) | Reference | ||
| HIV status of the women | |||||
| Positive | 16 (80.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 3.27 (1.06 - 10.06) | 2.68 (0.82 - 8.75) | |
| Negative | 131 (55.0%) | 107 (45.0%) | Reference | Reference | |
| MUAC | |||||
| <23 cm | 54 (76.1%) | 17 (23.9%) | 2.32 (1.25 - 4.30) | 2.52 (1.36 - 4.67)** | |
| >23 cm | 108 (57.8%) | 79 (42.2%) | Reference | Reference | |