| Depressive symptoms not worsened by COVID-19 pandemic (n = 28) | Depressive symptoms worsened by COVID-19 pandemic (n = 74) | P value |
Male | 8 (28.6%) | 15 (20.3%) | 0.529 |
Female | 20 (71.4%) | 59 (79.7%) |
|
Compared with Pre-COVID-19 |
|
|
|
GAD-7 same or decrease | 18 (64.3%) | 42 (56.8%) | 0.643 |
GAD-7 increase | 10 (35.7%) | 32 (43.2%) |
|
PHQ-9 same or decrease | 17 (60.7%) | 44 (59.5%) | 1.000 |
PHQ-9 increase | 11 (39.3%) | 30 (40.5%) |
|
Medications |
|
| 0.963 |
Same dosage | 22 (78.6%) | 56 (75.7%) |
|
Step up or add new medications | 6 (21.4%) | 18 (24.3%) |
|
Social distancing |
|
| <0.001 |
Absent | 6 (21.4%) | 2 (2.7%) |
|
Mild | 10 (35.7%) | 13 (17.6%) |
|
Moderate | 10 (35.7%) | 32 (43.2%) |
|
Severe | 2 (7.1%) | 27 (36.5%) |
|
Financial impact |
|
| 0.413 |
Decreased income/unemployed | 2 (7.1%) | 16 (21.6%) |
|
Not affected | 26 (92.9%) | 58 (78.4%) |
|
Family relationship |
|
| 0.129 |
Worsen | 4 (14.3%) | 27 (36.5%) |
|
Not affected | 22 (78.6%) | 40 (54.1%) |
|
Improved | 2 (7.1%) | 7 (9.5%) |
|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
|
GAD-7 (Pre-COVID-19) | 3.93 (3.61) | 5.2 (2.82) | 0.100 |
PHQ-9 (Pre-COVID-19) | 2.89 (3.12) | 3.78 (2.38) | 0.179 |
GAD-7 (Peri-COVID-19) | 2.89 (2.56) | 5.22 (2.99) | <0.001 |
PHQ-9 (Peri-COVID-19) | 2.46 (2.22) | 3.77 (2.41) | 0.014 |
|
|
|
|
Depressive symptoms worsen by COVID-19 | Mean GAD-7 (Pre-COVID-19) 5.20 | Mean GAD-7 (Pre-COVID-19) 5.22 | 0.964 |
| Mean PHQ-9 (Pre-COVID-19) 3.78 | Mean PHQ-9 (Pre-COVID-19) 3.77 | 0.962 |