| Combined foot and eye preventive care | Foot care | Eye care | ||||||||
| N1 | Appropriate | Inappropriate | p value | Appropriate | Inappropriate | P value | Appropriate | Inappropriate | p value | |
| All patients with diabetes | 292 | 102/292 (34.9) | 190/292 (65.1) | 173/292 (59.3) | 119/292 (40.8) | 163/292 (55.8) | 129/292 (44.2) | |||
| General socio-demographic characteristics | ||||||||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 292 | 63.9 (7.4) | 63.3 (7.9) | 0.56 | 64.1/(7.5) | 62.8 (8.0) | 0.17 | 63.3 (7.6) | 63.8 (7.9) | 0.57 |
| Female, N(%) | 292 | 37/102 (36.6) | 64/190 (33.5) | 0.59 | 61/173 (35.3) | 40/119 (33.6) | 0.77 | 59/163 (36.2) | 42/129 (32.6) | 0.52 |
| Insurance N(%) | 210 | 0.67 | 0.80 | 0.56 | ||||||
| Private or semi-private | 2/86 (2.3) | 4/124 (3.2) | 4/146 (2.7) | 2/64 (3.1) | 2/116 (1.7) | 4/94 (4.3) | ||||
| General | 80/86 (93) | 117/124 (94.4) | 136/146 (93.2) | 61/64 (95.3) | 110/116 (94.8) | 87/94 (92.6) | ||||
| None | 4/86 (4.7) | 3/124 (2.4) | 6/146 (4.1) | 1/64 (1.6) | 4/116 (3.4) | 3/94 (3.2) | ||||
| Birth place N(%) | 290 | 0.22 | 0.08 | 0.57 | ||||||
| Europe | 18/99 (18.2) | 40/191 (20.9) | 37/171 (21.6) | 21/119 (17.7) | 27/161 (16.8) | 31/129 (24.0) | ||||
| Eastern europe | 17/99 (17.2) | 49/191 (25.3) | 30/171 (17.5) | 36/119 (30.3) | 37/161 (23) | 29/129 (22.5) | ||||
| Africa | 10/99 (10.1) | 14/191 (7.3) | 15/171 (8.8) | 9/119 (7.6) | 15/161 (9.3) | 9/129 (7.0) | ||||
| Latin america and other | 12/99 (12.1) | 12/191 (6.3) | 18/171 (10.5) | 6/119 (5.0) | 15/161 (9.3) | 9/129 (7.0) | ||||
| Switzerland | 42/99 (42.4) | 76/191 (39.8) | 71/171 (41.5) | 47/118 (39.5) | 67/161 (41.6) | 51/129 (39.5) | ||||
| Legal status N(%) | 166 | 0.36 | 0.58 | 0.32 | ||||||
| Swiss | 7/55 (12.7) | 15/111 (13.5) | 15/98 (15.3) | 7/68 (10.3) | 10/91 (11.0) | 12/75 (16.0) | ||||
| Residence | 39/55 (70.9) | 86/111 (77.5) | 71/98 (72.5) | 54/68 (79.4) | 68/91 (74.7) | 57/75 (76.0) | ||||
| asylum seeker, demand rejected or illegal | 9/55 (16.4) | 10/111 (9.0) | 12/98 (12.2) | 7/68 (10.3) | 13/91 (14.3) | 6/75 (8.0) | ||||
| Religion N(%) | 201 | 0.31 | 0.18 | 0.23 | ||||||
| Christian | 30/55 (54.6) | 61/146(41.8) | 53/100 (53.0) | 38/101 (37.6) | 47/109 (43.1) | 44/92 (47.8) | ||||
| Muslim | 13/55 (23.6) | 35/146 (24) | 20/100 (20.0) | 28/101 (27.7) | 32/109 (29.4) | 16/92 (17.4) | ||||
| Other | 7/55 (12.7) | 26/146 (17.8) | 14/100 (14.0) | 19/101 (18.8) | 17/109 (15.6) | 16/92 (17.4) | ||||
| None | 5/55 (9.1) | 24/146 (16.4) | 13/100 (13.0) | 16/101 (15.8) | 13/109 (11.9) | 16/92 (17.4) | ||||
| Occupation N(%) | 287 | 0.07 | 0.008 | 0.76 | ||||||
| Social aid or unemployed | 34/100 (34.0) | 50/187 (26.7) | 53/171 (31.0) | 31/116 (26.7) | 49/160 (30.6) | 35/127 (27.6) | ||||
| At home, in education or other | 7/100 (7.0) | 29/187 (15.5) | 14/171 (8.2) | 22/116 (19.0) | 22/160 (13.8) | 14/127 (11) | ||||
| Employed | 17/100 (17.0) | 43/187 (23.0) | 31/171 (18.1) | 29/116 (25.0) | 31/160 (19.4) | 29/127 (22.8) | ||||
| Retired | 42/100 (42.0) | 65/187 (34.8) | 73/171 (42.7) | 34/116 (29.3) | 58/160 (36.3) | 49/127 (38.6) | ||||
| Civil status N(%) | 290 | 0.10 | 0.005 | 0.9 | ||||||
| Single | 15/100 (15.0) | 23/190 (12.1) | 19/172 (11.1) | 19/118 (16.1) | 23/161 (14.2) | 15/128 (11.7) | ||||
| Divorced | 32/100 (32.0) | 40/190 (21.1) | 55/172 (32.0) | 17/118 (14.4) | 41/162 (25.3) | 31/128 (24.2) | ||||
| Widow, -er | 9/100 (9.0) | 16/190 (8.4) | 16/172 (9.3) | 9/118 (7.6) | 13/162 (8.0) | 12/128 (9.4) | ||||
| Married | 44/100 (44.0) | 111/190 (58.4) | 82/172 (47.7) | 73/118 (61.9) | 85/162 (52.5) | 70/128 (54.7) | ||||
| Health care provider’s characteristics | ||||||||||
| Main physician function N(%) | 291 | 0.26 | 0.07 | 0.74 | ||||||
| Medical student or resident | 90/100 (90.0) | 179/191 (93.7) | 155/172 (90.1) | 114/119 (95.8) | 149/162 (92) | 120/129 (93) | ||||
| Senior resident or attending | 10/100 (10.0) | 12/191 (6.3) | 17/172 (9.9) | 5/119 (4.2) | 13/162 (8) | 9/129 (7) | ||||
| Nb of visit to GP over 2 years Median (IQR) | 292 | 12.0 (9.0 - 16.0) | 12.0 (8.0 - 17.0) | 0.58 | 13.0 (9.0 - 18.0) | 11.0 (8.0 - 16.0) | 0.031 | 12 (9.0 - 16.0) | 11 (8.0 - 18.0) | 0.3 |
| Patients’ comorbidities | ||||||||||
| BMI, mean (SD) | 225 | 29.7 (4.5) | 31.4 (6.3) | 0.035 | 30.6 (5.3) | 31.0 (6.5) | 0.60 | 29.8 (4.7) | 31.9 (6.6) | 0.005 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) N(%) | 225 | 34/84 (40.5) | 79/141 (56.0) | 0.024 | 75/147 (51.0) | 38/78 (48.7) | 0.74 | 49/122 (40.2) | 64/103 (62.1) | 0.001 |
| Family history of cardiovascular disease N(%) | 291 | 13/100 (13.0) | 11/191 (5.8) | 0.033 | 20/172 (11.6) | 4/119 (3.4) | 0.012 | 16/162 (9.8) | 8/129 (6.2) | 0.26 |
| Cardiovascular disease2 N(%) | 292 | 50/101 (49.5) | 77/191 (40.3) | 0.13 | 82/173 (47.4) | 45/119 (37.8) | 0.11 | 73/163 (44.8) | 54/127 (41.9) | 0.62 |
| Current smoker3 N(%) | 71 | 23/71 (32.4) | 48/71 (67.6) | 0.18 | 42/71 (59.2) | 29/71 (40.9) | 0.23 | 39/71 (54.9) | 32/71 (45.1) | 0.57 |
| Hyperlipidemia N(%) | 292 | 87/101 (86.1) | 145/191 (75.9) | 0.040 | 139/173 (80.4) | 93/119 (78.2) | 0.65 | 140/163 (85.9) | 92/129 (71.3) | 0.002 |
| Hypertension N(%) | 292 | 92/101 (91.1) | 164/191 (85.9) | 0.20 | 154/173 (89.0) | 102/119 (85.7) | 0.40 | 146/163 (89.6) | 110/129 (85.3) | 0.27 |