Region | Village | Dense shade (DS) location | Sparse shade (SS) location | ||||
Foliage season | Flowering season | Fruit season | Foliage season | Flowering season | Fruit season | ||
Kilimanjaro | Lyamungo Kati | 1.77a | 2.63a | 5.00a | 1.12a | 1.65a | 3.15a |
Lyamungo Sinde | 1.58a | 1.98a | 2.26a | 0.99b | 1.24a | 1.42a | |
Lyamungo Kilanya | 1.29a | 1.5a | 1.69a | 0.84bc | 0.95b | 1.07b | |
Iwa | 1.34a | 1.50a | 1.64a | 0.81bc | 0.94b | 1.04b | |
Nganjoni | 1.08b | 1.38a | 1.42a | 0.68c | 0.86b | 0.89bc | |
Nduoni | 0.80bc | 1.09b | 1.21a | 0.50c | 0.69bc | 0.76bc | |
Ruvuma | Ukuli | 0.46c | 0.79bc | 1.10b | 0.29c | 0.49c | 0.67bc |
Kingerikiti | 0.38c | 0.74bc | 0.87bc | 0.24c | 0.47c | 0.55c | |
Lumecha | 0.31c | 0.67bc | 0.78bc | 0.19c | 0.42c | 0.49c | |
Ugano | 0.22c | 0.53c | 0.79bc | 0.14c | 0.34c | 0.49c | |
Myangayanga | 0.19c | 0.29c | 0.55c | 0.12c | 0.18c | 0.35c | |
Luwaita | 0.20c | 0.24c | 0.39c | 0.12c | 0.15c | 0.25c | |
Songwe | Mbimba | 0.04c | 0.26c | 0.42c | 0.02c | 0.17c | 0.27c |
Nsenga | 0.02c | 0.18c | 0.39c | 0.01c | 0.11c | 0.24c | |
Iyenga | 0.01c | 0.08c | 0.26c | 0.01c | 0.04c | 0.17c | |
Kalembo | 0.01c | 0.06c | 0.23c | 0.01c | 0.04c | 0.14c | |
Ibaba | 0.01c | 0.05c | 0.19c | 0.01c | 0.03c | 0.12c | |
Shikunga | 0.00c | 0.01c | 0.15c | 0.0c | 0.0c | 0.0c | |
| Grand mean | 0.54 | 0.78 | 1.07 | 0.34 | 0.49 | 0.67 |
| LSD | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.43 | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.34 |
| p-value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |