| Father’s educational background (mean ± standard deviation) | F | |||
Junior high school and below (n = 161) | College (n = 36) | Bachelor’s degree or above (n = 21) | High school or vocational school (n = 138) | ||
Career Self-Concept | 21.51 ± 4.33 | 20.36 ± 3.89 | 21.14 ± 2.63 | 20.36 ± 5.11 | 1.800 |
Retention Benefits and Departure Risks | 13.32 ± 3.51 | 14.89 ± 3.68 | 16.57 ± 2.23 | 10.83 ± 3.45 | 29.077*** |
Social Comparison and Self-Reflection | 11.50 ± 2.24 | 11.36 ± 2.17 | 11.81 ± 2.80 | 10.40 ± 2.74 | 5.844** |
Autonomy in Career Choices | 7.01 ± 1.89 | 7.50 ± 1.76 | 9.43 ± 0.81 | 5.99 ± 1.64 | 28.739*** |
Social Persuasion | 7.50 ± 1.55 | 7.78 ± 1.51 | 7.43 ± 1.16 | 7.30 ± 1.83 | 0.883 |