Grade (Mean ± Standard Deviation)

F

Freshmen (n = 204)

Sophomores (n = 152)

Career Self-Concept

21.63 ± 3.85

19.99 ± 5.22

3.270**

Retention Benefits and Departure Risks

13.28 ± 3.67

11.93 ± 3.91

3.353**

Social Comparison and Self-Reflection

11.15 ± 2.57

10.98 ± 2.46

0.635

Autonomy in Career Choices

7.02 ± 1.86

6.52 ± 1.99

2.459*

Social Persuasion

7.55 ± 1.62

7.31 ± 1.67

1.364