| Variables | Conceptualization and Measurement | Expected Signs |
| IM | The degree to which businesses control their products and final goods across time. | + |
| Constant term (C) | As it has no mutable parameters, an exponential function has a constant rate. | ± |
| Idiosyncratic error term (ei) | A remnant parameter that is generated by the regression analysis. | ± |
| βi | I quantify the likelihood of stock control for each shift in each explanatory factor. | ± |
| Market Performance (MP) | The businesses’ performance in respect of sales, income, customer base, as well as competitive edge over time t. | + |
| Financial Performance (FP) | The effectiveness with which each of the firms utilizes its assets to generate revenues during time t | + |
| Customer Satisfaction (CS) | The amount to which each company’s inventory meets or surpasses consumer requirements throughout time t | + |