Explanatory Variables

Coefficient (RCSE)

Election-Specific Context

Incumbent

511.648 (4573.636)

Candidate Profile

2.304 (3.561)

Female Candidate

3992.397 (3704.440)

Republican

1821.130 (2376.857)

Open Seat

−2077.504 (2014.05)

Competitive Race

6651.584* (3375.189)

State & Institutional Context

Divided Government

−2469.040* (1219.803)

Formal Powers of Governors

493.5829* (199.611)

Contribution Limit

1479.477 (973.096)

State Population

0.0002 (0.0001)

Temporal Effects

Year Trend

371.750 (453.573)

Constant

−13634.870* (5655.827)

Number of clusters (candidate)

168

Number of observations

191

F-test

2.61

Prob > F

0.004

R2

0.085

Root MSE

17165