Pragma-linguistic cue | N | M | St. dv | p-value (ANOVA) |
Use of pronouns he/she (total) | 91 | 3.12 | 1.97 |
|
Deceptive | 30 | 1.76 | 1.20 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 61 | 4.78 | 1.36 | |
Use of pronouns we/they (total) | 83 | 2.67 | 2.13 |
|
Deceptive | 74 | 4.35 | 1.16 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 9 | 0.64 | 0.84 | |
Indefinite nouns (total) | 90 | 2.90 | 2.07 |
|
Deceptive | 73 | 4.29 | 1.49 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 17 | 1.21 | 1.25 | |
Definite nouns (total) | 158 | 5.09 | 2.07 |
|
Deceptive | 62 | 3.64 | 1.27 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 96 | 6.85 | 1.35 | |
Name of the “author” (total) | 69 | 2.225 | 2.02 |
|
Deceptive | 11 | 0.64 | 0.78 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 58 | 4.14 | 1.23 | |
Extended personal assessment (n. of sentences) (total) | 70 | 2.25 | 1.78 |
|
Deceptive | 63 | 3.7 | 0.84 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 7 | 0.50 | 0.65 | |
Unclear source of information (n. of conversations) (total) | 7 | 0.41 | 0.50 |
|
Deceptive | 7 of 17 | 0.76 | 0.43 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 0 of 14 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
Mixed details (total) | 57 | 1.83 | 1.43 |
|
Deceptive | 49 | 2.88 | 0.92 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 8 | 0.57 | 0.75 | |
Advices “not to take personally” (total) | 28 | 0.90 | 1.01 |
|
Deceptive | 1 | 0.11 | 0.33 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 27 | 1.85 | 0.66 | |
Connectors (total) | 120 | 3.80 | 2.58 |
|
Deceptive | 99 | 5.70 | 1.75 | <0.0001 |
Truthful | 21 | 1.5 | 1.09 |