Neutralization agent (Alkali)

Dosage (ton of alkali/ton of acidity)^*

Efficiency of neutralization (% of applied alkali)

Cost (USD/ton bulk)^**

Limestone (CaCO₃)

1

30 - 50

10 - 15

Hydrated lime (Ca(OH)₂)

0.74

90

60 - 100

Un-hydrated lime (CaO)

0.56

90

80 - 240

Soda ash (Na₂CO₃)

1.06

60 - 80

200 - 350

Caustic soda (NaOH)

0.8

100

650 - 900

Magna lime (MgO)

0.4

90

Project-specific

Fly ash

Material-specific

-

Project-specific

Kiln dust

Material-specific

-

Project-specific

Slag

Material-specific

-

Project-specific