| Audit Item | Audit goal | Indicators | Issues/Obstacles | Audit Outcome | Audit Impact |
| Data Quality | Effective management of GIS data and realization of its potential for specific applications | Geometry, semantic and temporal dimensions of data quality indicators: ● Accuracy ● Lineage ● Currency ● Completeness ● Consistency ● Coverage | GIS data quality is dynamic. It is best realized within the context of its application [60] . | Management of risks associate with poor data quality Customer/Client satisfaction | Value of quality GIS data |
| Software Utilization | Assessment of software tools and functionalities to enable GIS users evaluate software products that match intended GIS application needs | Common GIS users’ need in relation to software use & operational processes: ● Mapping ● Spatial intelligent ● External environment support ● Customization | Any GIS software has myriads of tools and functionalities. Evaluating them could be time consuming, not exhaustive and considerable amount of trial and error [48] . | Percentage utilization of a GIS software to provide GIS users with the choice of GIS software with respect to specified GIS program, costs and benefits accrued | Reduced resources and costs linked to supporting unexploited software tools and functionalities |
| Personnel Competency | Capture skills and competencies common in GIS industry | A blend of technical, business, analytical and interpersonal competencies [39] . ● Technical knowledge and skills ● Working environment Experience ● Exposure to equipment and software ● Software applications development ● Quality Control and Quality Assurance ● GIS Governance ● Behavior competency | This may typically not be exhaustive as GIS professionals are called upon to demonstrate other abilities & knowledge depending on their specific roles & positions [41] | GIS Competency that lay a foundation for performance management, staff hiring, professional development and training Efficiency is realized Time spent is shorter Money is saved | A work resource that articulates GIS workforce requirements and define their success Realized economic growth since time and money is saved |
| Procedures | GIS procedures and operations for a resilient GIS | Dependent on GIS collaboration through implementation of procedures, polices and administration of a sustainable GIS ● GIS operations ● GIS Data ● GIS Technology ● GIS data standards ● GIS Operating procedures and policy issues ● GIS Stability ● GIS Growth ● GIS Funding | GIS is complex and multidimensional [6] . The procedures may not be exhaustively covered | Improved GIS processes for accountable resources, quality data, policy and advocacy | Health GIS Governance with improved overall GIS strengths and strategy |