| Controls n = 855 | SGA cases n = 364 | |||
| n | %^ | n | %^ | Unadjusted OR [95% CI] |
Maternal characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
Maternal age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
≤20 | 13 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 1.73 [0.74 - 4.04] |
21- 30 | 333 | 39 | 148 | 41 | 1.00 [Reference] |
31- 40 | 495 | 58 | 198 | 54 | 0.90 [0.70 - 1.16] |
>40 | 13 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 1.21 [0.47 - 3.10] |
Partner |
|
|
|
|
|
Yes | 816 | 96 | 342 | 94 | 1.00 [Reference] |
No | 34 | 4 | 20 | 5 | 1.40 [0.80 - 2.47] |
Education |
|
|
|
|
|
Primary/middle school | 246 | 29 | 114 | 38 | 1.00 [Reference] |
High school | 417 | 49 | 176 | 59 | 0.91 [0.69 - 1.21] |
University | 191 | 22 | 68 | 23 | 0.77 [0.54 - 1.10] |
Employment during the last three months |
|
|
|
|
|
No | 240 | 29 | 105 | 30 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Yes | 587 | 71 | 244 | 70 | 0.95 [0.72 - 1.25] |
Reproductive history |
|
|
|
|
|
Newborn sex |
|
|
|
|
|
Males | 413 | 48 | 157 | 43 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Females | 442 | 52 | 207 | 57 | 1.29 [1.00 - 1.66] |
Parity |
|
|
|
|
|
Primiparae | 424 | 50 | 220 | 61 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Multiparae | 428 | 50 | 138 | 38 | 0.62[0.48 - 0.80] |
Previous preterm deliveries§ |
|
|
|
|
|
No | 386 | 91 | 108 | 79 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Yes | 38 | 9 | 29 | 21 | 2.73 [1.61 - 4.63] |
Previous SGA§ |
|
|
|
|
|
No | 343 | 96 | 79 | 81 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Yes | 15 | 4 | 19 | 19 | 5.50 [2.68 - 11.30] |
Miscarriages§ |
|
|
|
|
|
No | 285 | 67 | 75 | 55 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Yes | 140 | 33 | 62 | 45 | 1.68 [1.14 - 2.49] |
Stillbirth§ |
|
|
|
|
|
No | 418 | 99 | 134 | 98 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Yes | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1.87 [0.44 - 7.93] |
Diabetes |
|
|
|
|
|
No | 838 | 99 | 348 | 99 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Yes | 10 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0.96 [0.30 - 3.09] |
Hypertension |
|
|
|
|
|
No | 820 | 96 | 345 | 95 | 1.00 [Reference] |
Yes | 32 | 4 | 19 | 5 | 1.41 [0.79 - 2.52] |