SHH, FGF-8, GDNF and Forskolin	Dental pulp of human infant.	Pre-induction with 20 ng/ml bFGF and 20 EGF for one week. Subsequent induction with 200 ng/ml of Shh, 100 ng/ml FGF8, 10 ng/ml GDNF and forskolin 10 μM.	7 days	70% demonstrated by morphological changes of neuronal nature.	Neuronal morphology was observed under a microscope. Immunostaining for Tuj1, MAP2, and TH. Decrease Increased expression of MAP2 and TH by RT-PCR. Presence of TH by WB.	Release of dopamine to the medium demonstrated by HPLC.	[80]
FGF-2 and D609.	The bone marrow of adult Wistar rat.	Induction with 4 ng/ml of FGF-2 and 8 μg/ml of D609 for 2 days. Subsequent maintenance with 4 ng/ml of FGF-2.	6 days	75% demonstrated by morphological changes of neuronal nature.	Neuronal morphology was observed under a microscope. Immunostaining for NSE, NF-L, and synapsin. Increased expression of NSE and NF-L by RT-PCR.	Decrease in resting membrane potential demonstrated by Patch-clamp.	[81]
FGF-2, EGF, and NSF-1	Human amniotic fluid Fetal.	Induction with FGF-2, EGF, and NSF-1.	3 weeks	80% demonstrated by positive immunofluorescence for NSE and MAP2.	Neuronal morphology was observed under a microscope. Immunostaining for NSE and MAP2 Increased nestin expression and GFAP RT-PCR.	Presence of Na⁺ currents sensitive to TTX, demonstrated by Patch-clamp.	[83]
bFGF and Forskolin	Adipose tissue of adult humans	Pre-induction with 100 ng/ml bFGF for 7 days. Subsequent induction with forskolin 10 μM.	7 days	75% demonstrated by the presence of voltage-gated sodium currents.	Neuronal morphology was observed under a microscope. Immunostaining for MAP2, GAP43, nestin, Tuj1, MAP2, NFL, NFM, NFH, NSE, NeuN, GFAP, and CNPase. Increased expression ABCG2, nestin, Tuj1, MAP2, NFL, NFM, NSE, GAP43, SCN5A, Kv4.2, EAG2, CACNAC1C, Kv4.3, SNAP25, GFAP, and CNPase by RT-PCR.	The presence of current is Na⁺ TTX-sensitive voltage dependents, outward K⁺ currents, and prominent negative resting membrane potentials demonstrated by Patch-clamp.	[84]