Variables | Volume of CO2 | ||||||
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | |
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) (Log) | −0.001 (0.992) | 0.039 (0.208) | −0.049 (0.267) | - | - | 0.009 (0.649) | - |
Tax expenditure (TE) | 0.01 (0.313) | 0.016*** (0.001) | - | 0.011** (0.28) | 0.009** (0.13) | - | - |
FDI*TE(Log) | 0.041 (0.755) | - | 0.078** (0.041) | 0.04 (0.137) | - | - | 0.039*** (0.01) |
Growth in Gross Domestic Product (Log) | 1.552*** (0.000) | 1.737*** (0.000) | 0.91*** (0.000) | 1.597*** (0.000) | 1.078*** (0.000) | 0.41*** (0.000) | 0.917*** (0.004) |
Renewable Energy Consumptio (Log) | −0.259 (0.56) | −0.079 (0.846) | −1.001*** (0.009) | −0.211 (0.623) | −0.844** (0.048) | −1.123*** (0.000) | −1.075 (0.553) |
Domestic Investment (Log) | −0.067 (0.598) | −0.086 (0.536) | −0.023 (0.776) | −0.07 (0.579) | −0.014 (0.884) | 0.108* (0.052) | −0.045 (0.763) |
Renewable Electricity Generation (Log) | 0.015 (0.856) | 0.014 (0.848) | 0.013 (0.867) | 0.014 (0.86) | 0.04 (0.63) | 0.056 (0.199) | 0.023 (0.331) |
Industrial Sector (Log) | −0.154 (0.361) | −0.116 (0.505) | −0.107 (0.338) | −0.152 (0.364) | −0.117 (0.393) | 0.097 (0.336) | −0.108 (0.815) |
Commercial Opening (Log) | −0.178 (0.414) | −0.266 (0.244) | 0.036 (0.792) | −0.194 (0.363) | −0.004 (0.979) | 0.336*** (0.001) | 0.032*** (0.01) |
Constant | 0.062 (0.984) | −1.642 (0.579) | 6.48*** (0.005) | −0.379 (0.898) | 4.834* (0.073) | 8.488*** (0.000) | 6.866*** (0.003) |
R2 within | 0.631 | 0.585 | 0.809 | 0.620 | 0.710 | 0.750 | 0.809 |
R2 between | 0.952 | 0.964 | 0.781 | 0.956 | 0.867 | 0.298 | 0.730 |
R2 Overall | 0.943*** | 0.955*** | 0.767*** | 0.947*** | 0.857*** | 0.310*** | 0.720*** |
Prob > F | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Breush-Pagan | 0.3420 | 0.3297 | 0.2022 | 0.3081 | 0.3234 | 0.000 | 0.0347 |
Hausman | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |