indicator variables

latent

variables

SD

p

Standardized factor loadings

I like English and am interested in learning English (X₁₄)

AB

1.00

0.476

College English study greatly contributes to passing some exams (X₁₃)

AB

1.70

***

0.814

Knowledge of college English has practical value (X₁₂)

AB

1.74

***

0.869

College English study can improve the comprehensive ability of English (X₁₁)

AB

1.77

***

0.897

Peers with excellent grades will help strengthen my willingness to learn English (X₂₄)

SN

1.90

**

0.50

I will be affected by peer behavior (X₂₃)

SN

1.00

0.25

I can follow the teacher’s advice and requirements (X₂₂)

SN

2.48

**

0.76

I was able to complete the school’s compulsory requirements (X₂₁)

SN

2.38

**

0.71

I have full confidence to cope with the obstacles and difficulties encountered in English learning (X₃₃)

PBC

1.00

0.81

I am able to predict my obstacles and difficulties in English learning (X₃₂)

PBC

0.54

***

0.56

I have a clear understanding of my English learning and level (X₃₁)

PBC

0.44

***

0.456

My investment in English learning has far exceeded the teacher’s requirements (X₄₃)

ACC

0.99

***

0.84

I invest more time and energy in English than in other subjects (X₄₂)

ACC

1.05

***

0.87

I put more time and energy into English study than other students (X₄₁)

ACC

1.00

0.82

In order to pass the CET 4 and CET 6, I would like to do my best to improve my English (X₅₄)

WB

0.98

***

0.73

After understanding the possible obstacles and difficulties, I still make unremitting efforts (X₅₃)

WB

1.30

***

0.86

In order to improve my English, I am willing to invest more time and energy (X₅₂)

WB

1.31

***

0.87

I can set goals according to my own English level (X₅₁)

WB

1.00

0.61