Technology | Frequency | Coverage Rate | Data Rate | Application | Application Areas |
ZigBee | 915 MH and 2.4 GHz | 30 - 100 m | Up to 250 Kbps | HAN | Energy Monitoring, Automatic Meter Reading, Home Automation |
PLC | 24 - 500 KHz | 1 - 3 Km | 2 - 3 Mbps | HAN NAN | Automatic Meter Reading, Low Voltage Distribution |
Bluetooth | 2.402 - 2.48 GHz | 1- 30 m | 1 Mbps | HAN | Home Automation |
Fiber Optic | 100 - 1000 THz | AON: up to 10 Km BPON: up to 20 - 60 km EPON: up to 20 km | AON:100 Mbps up/down BPON:155 - 622 Mbps EPON: 1 Gbps | WAN | AMI, Metering reading, Distribution automation, Service switch operation Demand response, Wide-area monitoring |
WiFi | 2.4 and 5 GHz | Up to 1 Km | Up to 600 Mbps | HAN, FAN NAN, BAN, WAN | AMI |
WiMAX | 2.3 - 2.7 and 3.4 - 3.6 GHz | Almost 10 - 100 Km | Up to 75 Mbps | HAN, NAN FAN, WAN | Wireless Automatic Meter, Reading, Outage Detection, AMI |
GSM | 850 - 1900 MHz | 1 - 10 Km | 14.4 Kbps | HAN | AMI, Demand Response |
Satellite | 1 - 40 GHz | 100 - 6000 km | Iridium: 2.4 - 28 kbps Inmarsat - B: 9.6 up to 128 kbps BGAN: up to 1 Mbps | WAN | AMI, Remote generation plants, Electric Vehicles Remote automation, Distribution Automation |
GPRS | 800 - 1900 MHz | 1 - 10 Km | 179 Kbps | HAN | AMI, Demand Response |
Z-Wave | 868 and 915 MHz | 30 - 100 m | 40 Kbps | HAN | Home automation, energy automation |
DSL | 4 KHz - MHz | ADSL: up to 5 Km ADSL2: up to 7 km ADSL2þ: up to 7 km VDSL: up to 1.2 km VDSL2: 300 m - 1.5 km | ADSL: 8 Mbps down/1.3 Mbps up ADSL2: 12 Mbps down/ 3.5 Mbps up ADSL2þ: 24 Mbps down/ 3.3 Mbps up VDSL: 52 - 85 Mbps down/16 - 85 Mbps up VDSL2: up to 200 Mbps down/up | HAN NAN WAN | Smart Grid City Smart Metering |
LTE Mobile Network | 0.41 - 2.1 GHz | 5 - 30 Km | 75 Mbps - 300 Mbps | HAN | AMI Demand Response |