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| HIV-1-infected individuals (n = 372) |
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| Parameters(1) | Seronegative (n = 76) | ART-naïve (n = 93) | NNRTI-based (n = 151) | PI-based (n = 128) | P value(2) |
| Hepcidin (µg/L) | 352 ± 119 | 261 ± 137* | 388 ± 184 | 406 ± 205 | <0.05 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) |
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| Male | 15.9 ± 1.4 | 14.3 ± 1.9 | 15.3 ± 1.8 | 16.0 ± 1.9 | ns |
| Female | 14.4 ± 1.3 | 13.0 ± 1.4 | 14.0 ± 1.6 | 14.2 ± 1.5 | ns |
| Erythrocytes (cells/mm3) |
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| Male | 5.2 ± 0.6 | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 0.6 | ns |
| Female | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 4.5 ± 0.3 | 4.8 ± 0.4 | ns |
| Iron biomarkers |
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| Iron (µg/dL) | 86 ± 18 | 77 ± 25* | 88 ± 25 | 85 ± 23 | <0.05 |
| Ferritin (ng/dL) | 212 ± 57 | 151 ± 41* | 185 ± 54 | 181 ± 62 | <0.05 |
| Transferrin saturation (%) | 27 ± 4 | 25 ± 6 | 27 ± 6 | 26 ± 10 | ns |
| TIBC (µg/dL) | 306 ± 37 | 308 ± 63 | 317 ± 49 | 322 ± 84 | ns |