General Characteristics

Periwinkle shell

Bamboo

Coconut Shell

Palm kernel Shell

Carbon Yield (%)

66.1

50

51

50.5

Moisture content (%)

0.223

2.44

5.18

2.38

Ash content (%)

14

8.27

6.13

6.44

Ph

6.6

6.64

6.63

6.1

Bulk density (g/cm³)

1.2

-

-

-

Porosity

1.00

0.71

0.82

0.96