| fmax (Hz) | τ (ms) | Efficiency (%) | |
| RdS1 | 49.86 | 3.19 | 0.06 |
| RdS1-Cu2+ | 39.72 | 4.00 | 0.10 |
| RdS1 + AgNPs | 31.88 | 5.00 | 0.17 |
| RdS1-Cu2+ + AgNPs | 63.34 | 2.51 | 0.08 |