Factor | Nursing Student | National Norm | T Value | P Value |
Tenacity | 2.42 ± 0.09 | 32.04 ± 5.34 | −66.320 | <0.001 |
Optimism | 2.40 ± 0.06 | 8.05 ± 3.01 | −22.450 | <0.001 |
Strength | 2.68 ± 0.07 | 21.34 ± 6.28 | −35.514 | <0.001 |
Total average score | 8.6 ± 2.67 | 1.44 ± 0.43 | 89.591 | <0.001 |
Total score | 61.43 ± 17.95 | 129.96 ± 38.76 | −20.909 | <0.001 |