Mode

Condition

Liquid (bio-oil)

Solid (biochar)

Gas (syngas)

Fast pyrolysis

Moderate temperature (~500˚C)

Short vapor residence time (<2 s)

75% (25% water)

12%

13%

Intermediate pyrolysis

Low-moderate temperature

Moderate hot vapor residence time

50% (50% water)

25%

25%

Slow pyrolysis

Low-moderate temperature

Long residence time

30% (70% water)

35%

35%

Gasification

High temperature (>800˚C)

Long vapor residence time

5% tar (55 water)

10%

85%