S/no | Type of artefacts | Description | Appearance | Trend | Specific cause (s) | Frequency | % |
1. | Dispersed dots | Tiny, irregular bright spots | Greyscale | Procedure | Dirty intensifying screens | 140 | 35.0 |
2. | Kinks; crescent-shaped | Dark crescent-shaped marks | Dark | Pre-processor | Film bending during loading into cassette | 65 | 16.0 |
3. | Scratches | Thin, irregular lines | Greyscale | Post-processor | Abrasion of radiograph with hard surface | 62 | 15.5 |
4. | Fogging; uneven | Black irregular borders on film | Dark | Pre-processor | Light leak into Cassette | 55 | 14.0 |
5. | Water marks | Minus density, irregular, thick tattoos | Greyscale | processor | 2 films Stuck together in processor | 21 | 5.3 |
6. | Roller marks | Uniform, straight-line, edge-to-edge strips | Greyscale | processor | Roller friction with film or paused film transport | 13 | 3.2 |
7. | Grease stains | Minus density finger marks | Greyscale | Post-processor | Poor handling during sorting | 11 | 2.7 |
8. | Radiopacities | Often-bright, well-shaped structure | Greyscale | Patient | Dense foreign bodies | 10 | 2.5 |
9. | Silver thiosulphate particles | Dark particles imprinted on radiographs | Dark | Processor | Uncleaned rollers after prolonged idleness | 9 | 2.2 |
10. | Tattoos | Regular, aesthetic designs | Greyscale | Processor | Developer-stained feed tray as a result of pulling film out from lead roller | 7 | 1.8 |
11. | Static electric discharge | Tree-like design | Dark | Pre-processor | Screen abrasion with rough, dry material | 4 | 1.0 |
12. | Grid lines | Parallel, grey stripes | Greyscale | procedure | Immobile grid or wrong surface of stationary grid | 3 | 0.8 |