X1: Information on unique folk culture at a tourism scenic spot.

X2: Information on novel experiential activity at a tourism scenic spot.

X3: Information on different life environment and life style.

X4: Information letting me bear the trip in mind constantly.

X5: Information enriching my imagination about the tour.

Mi-Hea Cho, 2008 [13]

X6: Information on routing risk (such as being delayed).

X7: Information on possible human accident risks (such as crimes).

X8: Information on physical risks (such as diseases, accidents).

X9: Information on financial risk (such as being exploited).

X10: Information on weather report and natual disaster.

Hirschman & Holbrook, 1982 [11]

X11: Information letting me feel this trip very important.

X12: Information letting me feel certain social status.

X13: Information letting me feel I have certain consuming ability.

X14: Information about being a participant and supervisor in travel.

X15: Information letting me feel exctied about the upcoming tour.

X16: Information letting me feel that this trip is meaningful.

Dimanche & Samdahl, 1994 [12]

X17: Information on scenic spot.

X18: Information on the tour plan.

X19: Information that helps me make decisions about accomodation, food and transportation.

X20: Information that helps me make decisions about tourist attraction, shopping, and entertainment.

X21: Information letting me feel that I can acquire more knowledge during the trip.

Mi-Hea Cho, 2008 [13]

X22: Information contributing to consensus with traveling companies.

X23: Information contributing to exchanging opinions with friends or relatives.

X24: Information letting me feel that I can be more close to my friends and relatives.

X25: Information letting me feel that I can acquire new social relationships.

Hirschman & Holbrook, 1982 [11]